Dramat

Wenecja, XVI wiek. Żydowski kupiec Shylock udziela lichwiarskich kredytów, a jego konkurent, Antonio, pożycza pieniądze bez dodatkowych kosztów. Bassanio, przyjaciel Antonia, pragnie poślubić Porcję. Aby zrealizować swój plan, zmuszony jest do wzięcia od Shylocka pożyczki z nietypowym oprocentowaniem. Wkrótce Shylock staje się ofiarą własnej chciwości…

Za jedno jej spojrzenie on zaryzykowałby losy całego kraju. Jedno jego wzruszenie ramion - a kształt dzisiejszej Europy wyglądałby zupełnie inaczej. Kleopatra i Antoniusz - królowa hellenistycznego Egiptu i dowódca wojsk rzymskich. To nie do pomyślenia, by w swoich działaniach mogli kierować się osobistymi uczuciami. A jednak! Namiętność, która ich owładnęła, była tak gwałtowna, że gotowi byli złożyć na jej ołtarzu wszystkie polityczne interesy. Gdyby nie fatalna bitwa pod A...

Czy jeden człowiek może przynieść wyzwolenie dla całego narodu? Kordian (imię wymyślone przez Słowackiego, które oznacza "dający serce") to typowy bohater swojej epoki. Doświadcza nieodwzajemnionej namiętności ze strony Laury, jest pełen wątpliwości egzystencjalnych, błąka się po świecie w poszukiwaniu idei, która rozpali jego umysł. Gdy zblazowany młodzieniec jest gotów nawet na samobójstwo, postanawia poświęcić własne życie dla wyzwolenia polskiego narodu. W jego sercu kieł...

The poem in prose „Twenty-Six and One” is based on the writer’s impressions related to life in Kazan and work in Semenov’s bakery. Gorky considers the image of a tramp, revealing its negative qualities. The work tells about twenty-six bakers, attitude, feelings, the behavior of which is presented by the author as the attitude of one person. This is achieved by using Gorky a huge number of pronouns „we are all”

The stories, united under the name „Through Russia”, were originally printed by M. Gorky in various periodicals and collections. In the series of short stories „In Russia”. M. Gorky refers to the image of the „past in order to illuminate the paths to the future.” The writer reflected the harsh truth of the life of „little great people”, life-giving and decorating the earth with their labor.

Like Byron’s passionate sayings „sounding on the tones of a wild and completely unsophisticated melody”, this is Gorky’s crazy, unbridled, powerful voice when he sings about the „madness of the brave,” barefoot dreamers who are proud of their idleness, who have nothing and fear nothing who is cheerful in his suffering, but unhappy in his joy.

The novel „Mother”, one of Gorky’s most popular works, was based on the mass demonstration of 1902 in the city of Sormovo. Hence, an exciting plot based on real events, with a sharp political struggle, secret gatherings, searches, arrests, and the selfless heroism of the main revolutionary hero Pavel Vlasov. However, the central image in the novel is Pelageya Nilovna Vlasova, the mother of the hero, one of the most striking and exciting characters in Russian literature, symbo...

A collection of short stories by a popular and influential Russian author, the founder of the literary method of socialist realism and, possibly, the greatest Russian literary figure of the 20th century. He wrote short stories, plays, memoirs and novels that touched the imagination of the Russian people, and was the first Russian author to sympathize sympathetically with characters such as tramps and thieves, emphasizing their daily struggle with insurmountable difficulties....

The play is about a petty official Khlestakov, who does not stand out for anything special. He is traveling from St. Petersburg on business with his servant, they stop in one county town, where there was a rumor that the inspector will visit the city soon. Khlestakov, by chance and human imprudence, is mistaken for an auditor who decided to remain incognito. From that moment, all city officials are looking for an opportunity to stay in good standing, give him a bribe so that ...

The book describes the events that took place in the first half of the 17th century, when the Zaporizhzhya Cossacks defended their rights. Taras Bulba is a grown man, a Cossack colonel meets his sons. She finished her studies and returned home, her mother is glad of their arrival, Taras makes fun of them and rejoices at how strong sons he grew up with. However, Taras wants his children to know what struggle, courage and honor are. And he decides to send them to the Zaporizhzh...

Dead Souls is a unique novel that has become a unique standard of ironic prose for Russian literature. The story of the ingenious businessman Chichikov, buying up the „dead souls” of serfs in a remote province, still impresses with its modernity and subtle humor.

A short story about an unhappy involuntary marriage. Family quarrels, like bad weather in the Russian wilderness: there is nothing worse than becoming an involuntary captive of a blizzard of someone else’s spousal abuse. The main character of the story is an ordinary woman with an unfortunate fate. All its features consist only in youth and attractive appearance, and in the still alive soul, which writhes under the weight of the cargo that has landed on it and stubbornly does...

The story of a boy Egor, who goes from his home to a gymnasium located in another city. This trip is the last event before the start of a new life away from mother and familiar places. Nothing unexpected happens on the way, but at the same time, there is a constant change of landscapes and moons of Egor, meetings with new people, both ordinary and of noble origin. The boy is a witness to the life of people whose path also lies through the steppe.

The theme of the „little man”, which appeared in many of Chekhov’s short stories, was also touched on in the novel „My Life”. The main character, Misail Poloznev, a nobleman by birth, becomes a simple worker. In order to live the way he wants, he breaks with his father. He is opposed to lies and hypocrisy, namely they, in his opinion, reign among the intelligentsia. The quote of the old house painter Radish: „Aphids eat grass, rust – iron, and lies – the soul”. According to t...

Aristophanes, nicknamed the „father of comedy”, wrote in a different way than the first tragedies. He was troubled by everyday problems, rarely associated with the past. Gods also rarely appeared in his works, like the heroes of antiquity: the main role was given to contemporaries. If certain events of Aristophanes did not suit him, he made fun of them, or offered original recipes to change the situation for the better.

Old Philokleon was so addicted to attending court hearings that his son Bdelikleon locked him in the house and stretched a net around the house. He wants to ensure a quiet life for his father, but Philokleon does not at all want peace. He’s a cocky, like a choir made up of his old friends, judges, and he likes to convict. The choir appears on the stage in wasp costumes and tries to help Philokleon slip away, but Bdelikleon prevents this.

This bold statement by Euripides is an absurd premise on which the whole game depends. Women are outraged by the image of the female as crazy, murderous and sexually depraved, and they use the Thesmophoria festival as an opportunity to discuss a suitable choice of revenge, Fearing their abilities, Euripides seeks out his tragic friend Agathon in the hope of convincing him to spy on him and become his protector at the festival – a role that, of course, would require him to dis...

Knighs are not just equestrians: the whole estate was called in Athens – those who had enough money to keep a war horse. These were wealthy people, had small estates outside the city, lived on their income, and wanted Athens to be a peaceful, closed agricultural state. The poet Aristophanes wanted peace; therefore, he made the riders the chorus of his comedy.

Aristophanes is revered as the „father of comedy.” He wrote over forty works, of which eleven reached us. Centuries have passed, but the comedies of Aristophanes continue to live. The political events that Aristophanes criticized in his works have long faded into the past, but the author enjoys the inexhaustible comic ingenuity of the author, his wit and ingenious courage with which he derives the funny from everything that he touches.

The game begins with Praxagora leaving the house on the Athenian street before dawn. She wears a fake beard and men’s clothes, and she carries a cane and a lit lamp. A chorus of Athenian women enter one on one, all dressed in a similar costume. In order to be more convincingly courageous, some women developed tans and stopped shaving armpits. One woman brings a full basket of yarn in order to get the job done, as the assembly replenishes, to which Praxagora reports to her for...

The old farmer Strepsiad is in debt because of his son Fidippida, squandering money for equestrian sports. Strepsiad seeks help from a neighbor – the sage of Socrates; Having come to the „thought room”, where Socrates teaches young people, Strepsiad asks to teach him tricky speeches and evasions, which would allow not to repay debts. But Strepsiad turns out to be unsuitable for science, and then Fidippid goes to study instead

Pisfeter manages to convince the birds that their mission is to rule the world. According to his idea, the bird city of Tucekukuyshchyna is being built between heaven and earth; birds give wings to Pisfeter and Evelpid, Pisfeter becomes the ruler of the new city and puts into effect a plan whose goal is to take power from the Olympic gods. Birds intercept the smoke from the sacrifices that the gods feed on, persuade people to honor the birds as new gods and promise them prote...

This is the comedy of the ancient Greek comedian Aristophanes, the earliest of his plays that have survived to this day. Together with „Mir” and „Lysistrata” refers to the „anti-war” comedies of the author. It refers to a citizen who was so tormented by the constant wars waged by his state that he made peace on his own behalf with all his neighbors, and while the rest fought and endured hardships and poverty, he lived calmly, profitably traded – in general, everything to envy...