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The novel comes from what is called James’s ‘late period’. The writing is mannered, baroque, complex, and focused intently on the psychological relationships between his characters. There is very little ‘plot’ here in the conventional sense. Much of the interest in the narrative is centred on the limitations of the principal character, from whose point of view the story is told. Lambert Strether is a morally upright, middle-aged American who feels that life has passed him b...

Probably one of the most complicated books ever written, the story parallels Homer’s The Odyssey, and touches on every theme that exists, as well as explores every literary style that exists. At times, it has extremely lude and graphic sexual content and very foul language. Taking Homer’s Odyssey as a structural framework, Joyce builds on it a complex narrative of Dublin characters on one day – Thursday 16 June 1904. Each chapter features a different prose-style to match it...

The scene is set in the terrorized Paris of revolutionary France in the 1800’s. During this time period nobody was safe from the horrifying grasp of „Madame la Guillotine” which claimed hundreds of lives every day. The Scarlet Pimpernel is England’s national hero, a rescuer of French aristocrats from under the guillotine in France. He’s also Sir Percy Blakeny, husband of Marguerite Blakeney nee St. Marguerite’s brother Armand is under suspicion in France and a French govern...

A romance of the fifth century, in which many of the scenes described in the ’Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire’ are reset to suit the purpose of the author. Only two historical personages are introduced into the story,– the Emperor Honorius, and Alaric the Goth; and these attain only a secondary importance. Among the historical incidents used are the arrival of the Goths at the gates of Rome, the Famine, the last efforts of the besieged, the Treaty of Peace, the introdu...

‘The Last Days of Pompeii’ is a love story set in that Roman town just before the famous eruption of Mount Vesuvius buried it and most of its citizens in ash. It draws a vivid portrait of the lifestyle of the Imperial Romans, their daily baths, symposia, and gladiatorial entertainments, their religious practices and their homes while presenting a busy plot full of decadent, diabolical seducers, religious fanatics, and glutinous parasites.The novel itself tells the story of ...

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s first novel, „This Side of Paradise,” focuses on several themes and illustrates some social and moral changes in America during the early 20th century. This semiautobiographical story of the handsome, indulged, and idealistic Princeton student Amory Blaine received critical raves and catapulted Fitzgerald to instant fame. Amory Blaine is utterly an idealist. He indulges in every sense of his dreams, to the point that it becomes detrimental to the state...

A short story which deals, as many other novels by James, with the changing role of women in Society and the differences that begun to arise between the old stiff Europe and the America at the end of the XIXth century. It portrays the confused courtship of the eponymous American girl by Winterbourne, a compatriot of hers with much more sophistication. His pursuit of her is hampered by her own flirtatiousness, which is frowned upon by the other expatriates they meet in Switz...

Akcja utworu toczy się w XIX wieku w polskiej społeczności, która żyje pod zaborem rosyjskim. Janko jest chorowitym chłopcem. Spośród innych wiejskich dzieci wyróżnia go talent muzyczny. Pewnego dnia zafascynowany dźwiękiem skrzypiec zakrada się do dworu, by dotknąć instrumentu. Zostaje oskarżony o próbę kradzieży i skazany na karę chłosty. Umiera z powodu zbyt surowej kary.

Twain begins his story by telling of the Mississippi river and some of its origins. He describes several facts that gives the reader a little bit of information of its discovery. After covering the history of the river, Twain shifts to his history with the river. Growing up near the river created Twain’s dream as a child to become a steamboat pilot. Life on the Mississippi is no ordinary guided tour, for every page is expressive of the structure, style and high humour that ...

Tom Canty is a poor boy in the London slums. His birth only brings more poverty to his already dirt poor family. Edward VI is the long awaited heir to the English throne. They are born on the same day and look so alike they can’t believe it. They exchange clothes and Edward VI ends up being thrown out of the palace by guards who think he is the poor boy he looks to be. Both boys have difficulty fitting into the other’s lives. After many adventures, matters are set right aga...

A post-modern masterpiece; a century ahead of its time. The novel portrays a Canterbury Tales-style group of steamboat passengers whose interlocking stories are told as they travel down the Mississippi River toward New Orleans. The novel is written as cultural satire, allegory, and metaphysical treatise, dealing with themes of sincerity, identity, morality, religiosity, economic materialism, irony, and cynicism. And the novel itself tests the confidence of the reader as eac...

The fourth of the Leatherstocking novels, we find Leatherstocking (Natty Bumppo) entering the last stages of his life. He has lost a great deal of his effectiveness with his musket and now relies a great deal on his dog to help him hunting. The main focus is one two things: 1. the reinstatement of Natty’s old commander in his properties and wealth in the new US while believing he is the victim of treachery by his old friend – the judge in this story; and 2. Natty’s struggle...

1839. It tells the story of Nelly Trent and her grandfather as they wander the English countryside, north of London, trying to evade Daniel Quilp, probably Dickens’ most evil villain. Nell’s grandfather has borrowed money from Quilp to support a gambling habit and has lost everything, including the curiosity shop. But Quilp isn’t sitting still, his spies are everywhere. Meanwhile a stranger is also looking for Nell’s grandfather. Dickens’s depiction of the fate of his main ...

Nineteenth century England. When Nicholas Nickleby’s father dies and leaves his family destitute, his uncle, the greedy moneylender, Ralph Nickleby, finds Nicholas a job teaching in a repulsive school in Yorkshire. Nicholas flees the school taking with him one of the persecuted boys, Smike, and they join a troop of actors. Nicholas then has to protect Smike, while trying to stop his Uncle Ralph taking advantage of his sister Kate, and later his sweetheart, Madeline Bray, wh...

This novel demonstrates Dickens experimenting with building his own voice. The Pickwick Papers is a series of linear adventures, unlike the convoluted plots of Dickens’s later novels. In other words, we follow our heroes from one stop to the next and meet interesting characters, rather than unraveling a mystery. The novel is a late example of the picaresque, a style of story in which we follow a rough, but still likable, hero through his adventures.The Pickwick Club sends M...

The tongues of London high society gossips begin to wag when John Harmon --a young man whose inheritance depended on his marrying a woman he had never met-- is found dead in the River Thames. The fortune passes into the hands of the working-class Boffins, who take into their new home both Bella Wilfer (Harmon’s would-be bride), and a mysterious secretary known as Rokesmith. Meanwhile, Lizzie Hexam, the daughter of the boatman suspected of Harmon’s murder, is pursued by two ...

«Записки из подполья» – повесть точно поставленных вопросов и точно найденных интонаций. Уйдя в психологическое подполье и презрев мир живых людей, главный герой задается вечными вопросами: что есть человек и каково его предназначение? Он протестует против отождествления добра и знания, против безоговорочной веры в прогресс науки и цивилизации и получает удовольствие от того, что мучает себя и других. Ярко и выразительно описывая состояние героя, оттенки и движения его мысл...

Роман „Мастер и Маргарита” без преувеличения является великим литературным творением XX века. Пик творчества Михаила Булгакова, роман, над которым он работал до последнего дня своей жизни, а, умирая, сказал: „Может это и правильно... Что я мог написать после „Мастера”? „. В «Мастере и Маргарите» есть все: веселое озорство и щемящая печаль, романтическая любовь и колдовское наваждение, магическая тайна и безрассудная игра с нечистой силой. Фантастический и в тоже время реали...

Роман «Обломов» Гончарова входит в трилогию с двумя другими произведениями Гончарова – «Обрыв» и «Обыкновенная история». В романе автор выводит важную для того время проблему российского общества – «обломовщину», сделав имя главного героя Ильи Обломова нарицательным. Что такое «обломовщина»? Это определенный образ жизни, пассивная жизненная позиция, ничегонеделание, каждодневное лежание на диване, апатия.. Эта проблема актуальна и в нынешнее время. Человек, страдающий облом...

This is one of the most uplifting of Dickens’s novels. This book is certainly different from all the other books by Charles Dickens as it has no particular central character. Well all the other novels by Dickens have a strong connection with London but this story depicts Coketown and Coketown only, a typical red-brick industrial city of the north. Hard Times is a very tragic and wonderfully described story of human oppression. Dickens’s brilliant use of characterization can...

Written two years before Jane Eyre, The Professor was Charlotte Bronte’s first novel and was based on her experiences in Brussels. The story is one of love and doubt, as the hero, William Crimsworth, seeks his fortune as a teacher in Brussels and finds his love for the good Anglo-Swiss girl, Frances Henri, severely tested by the sensuously beguiling and manipulative headmistress, Zoroaïde Reuter. On the other hand, the social protest sounded distinctly in this novel that is...

The Deerslayer is an exciting story about the adventures of the woodsman known as Deerslayer and his Delaware Indian friend, Chingachgook. The novel presents the violence and unpredictability of life in a place where only a few white hunters and hunting parties of Indians have ever set foot. The interface between the wilderness and civilization, the pristine life of nature and the impact being made on it by human beings, makes this a fascinating story about a clash of value...

”Shirley”, the second published novel by Charlotte Bronte, was released in 1849 amongst high anticipations by readers and critics after super success of „Jane Eyre”. Probably, it is the most „suspenseful” novel by Charlotte Bronte. The novel delicately combines classic Gothic motives – motives, relatively speaking, are classically the „detective”. However, under the brilliant pen of Bronte, enthralling story becomes just a brilliant frame for the delicate, perfectly adjuste...

Villette is Charlotte Bronte’s last novel, published in 1853. After an unspecified family disaster, protagonist Lucy Snowe travels to the fictional city of Villette to teach at an all-girls school where she is unwillingly pulled into both adventure and romance. However, the novel is celebrated not so much for its plot as in its acute tracing of Lucy’s psychology, particularly Bronte’s use of Gothic doubling to represent externally what her protagonist is suffering internall...